What are diagnostic dental instruments?

Diagnostic dental instruments are clinical hand tools used to examine teeth and surrounding tissues for caries, decay, periodontal disease, and pathology. The core diagnostic set includes mouth mirrors (front-surface and rhodium-coated), single- and double-ended explorers (#5, #23, #17, sickle, Pigtail), periodontal probes (Williams, UNC-15, WHO), cotton pliers, and mirror handles. These instruments are used at every routine examination and form the foundation of any new operatory.